Orchard grass is a common choice for horse feed because it’s nutritious, tasty, and versatile. It grows well in moderate climates and produces leafy growth that horses like to eat.
Orchardgrass hay usually has moderate protein, digestible fiber, and steady energy, making it a dependable option for horse feeding plans.
You can feed it as hay, pellets, or pasture, depending on your horse’s age, activity level, and health.
This guide will help you understand the nutrition, benefits, and key considerations when feeding orchard grass. Read on to make informed choices for your horse.
Is Orchard Grass Good For Horses? Key Takeaway
Orchard grass is a good choice for most horses because it’s low in sugar, has moderate protein, and is high in fiber. Many horses also enjoy its taste. It works well for horses kept for maintenance, pleasure, or light work. However, it may not be the best option for horses with metabolic issues.
What is Orchard Grass?
Dactylis glomerata is a dense leafy grass with high palatability for horse nutrition. It has a nutritional value suitable for cattle and horses.
Orchard grass is also a versatile and economical choice for most feeding programs. However, its nutrient profile depends on maturity at harvest. Less mature grass is more nutritious.
Nutritional Profile of Orchard Grass
Orchard grass offers a range of minerals and macronutrients for forage. Its nutritional value can change depending on fertilization, growing environment, and maturity.
On average, orchard grass contains 8-12% crude protein and 1.5-2.5 Mcal/kg energy. The grass contains 50-60% NDF (neutral detergent fiber) to promote bowel movements and support digestive health.
It also has 30-50% ADF (acid detergent fiber) for efficient fiber digestibility, along with calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins A and B.
Benefits of Orchard Grass for Horses
Orchard grass is a popular choice for horse owners, as it offers numerous benefits.
Palatability
Its high palatability suits picky eaters by providing a nutty and sweet flavor that encourages feeding. Palatability also supports efficient mealtimes and reduces waste, making it a good option for horses recovering from surgery or illness.
Digestibility and fiber benefits
This grass contains high levels of digestible fiber for efficient bowel function and digestion. Its high fibre content supports a healthy gut in horses.
It helps combat digestive conditions such as ulcers and colic. Additionally, it reduces overeating, thereby preventing the risk of laminitis.
The fiber promotes satiety, ensuring the horse feels full even with minimal forage.
Low sugar content
Orchard grass is a low-sugar forage suitable for livestock with metabolic conditions. Its low sugar level helps manage issues like insulin resistance and reduces risks such as colic and laminitis.
Support for weight management
Moderate fiber and energy levels support weight management in horses. Orchard grass provides sufficient energy and fiber to prevent overeating, allowing horses to feel full without gaining excess weight.
Owners can include it in the diet to help control weight gain.
Is Orchard Grass Good for all Horses?
This grass is a versatile forage for different horse breeds, but its suitability depends on workload, health, and age.
It suits horses demanding moderate protein amounts and energy levels. It’s suitable for horses in moderate activities such as pleasure and trail riding.
Orchard also works well for horses in maintenance mode with limited activity. Most importantly, colic-prone horses can benefit from the high fiber content.
Orchard grass supports healthy digestion and can help manage issues like ulcers and colic. Its low starch and sugar levels also help lower health risks for your horse.
However, horses in intense training or competition usually need forage with more protein and energy than orchard grass provides. Horses with metabolic issues or those prone to obesity also need carefully managed diets.
Senior horses often benefit from orchard grass because it is softer and easier to chew than coarser hays.
Its digestible fiber helps maintain weight while keeping the gut healthy, an important factor for older horses with dental challenges.
Ponies and easy keepers also do well on orchard grass, as its moderate energy and low sugar content reduce the risk of obesity and laminitis.
On the other hand, hard keepers or performance horses in demanding work may need alfalfa or a mix of orchard and alfalfa to provide extra calories and protein.
This makes orchard grass a versatile foundation, but one that works best when paired with other forages or concentrates for high-performance animals.
How Much Orchard Grass Should I Feed My Horse?
The amount of orchard grass your horse needs depends on their level of activity, breed, weight, and age.
Younger and more active horses typically require more, while older or less active horses often need less, as their metabolism slows down.
Calculating daily forage needs
Most horse owners feed 1-2% of their horse’s body weight in forage each day. For a 1,000-pound horse, that’s up to 20 pounds of forage daily, split into a few meals—about three feedings of 5 pounds each.
Adjusting for activity level
Your horse’s activity level affects how much orchard grass they need. Horses in hard training may need 2-2.5% of their body weight in forage each day, while those with lighter workloads usually need 1-1.5%.
Monitoring and adjusting
Keep an eye on your horse’s weight when feeding orchard grass to avoid overfeeding. Adjust the amount as needed based on how your horse looks and feels.
Checking their body condition score can help you determine if adjustments are needed.
Consulting with a veterinarian
Talk to an equine nutritionist or veterinarian for help with your horse’s diet. They can help you plan meals, adjust the feeding program, and spot any health issues early.
Avoiding overfeeding
Feeding too much forage can lead to obesity in horses. Watch your horse’s weight and body condition when using orchard grass.
Ensure they receive sufficient exercise and mental stimulation to maintain their health and happiness.
Ensuring adequate nutrition
It’s essential to ensure your horse receives all the necessary nutrients. While orchard grass is nutritious, you may need to adjust the feeding plan for your horse’s specific needs.
Consult a professional for guidance on the optimal schedule and plan.
Comparing Orchard to Other Grasses
The choice between orchard grass, Timothy, Bermuda, or alfalfa often depends on individual horse needs.
For example, Timothy hay is a go-to for horses needing steady fiber with lower calorie density, making it ideal for overweight horses.
Bermuda grass, while fibrous, is sometimes less digestible. Subsequently, you need to mix it with higher-quality hay like orchard grass to maintain condition.
Alfalfa, though nutrient-rich, can lead to excess energy and weight gain if fed without moderation.
Many owners find success in blending orchard grass with other forages, creating a balanced ration that provides both nutrition and variety in taste.
Timothy grass Vs Orchard grass
Both orchard and Timothy grass grow well in cool seasons, but their nutritional needs differ.
Orchard grass has more energy, protein, and digestible nutrients. It’s also tasty, making it a good choice for picky eaters.
Orchard grass Vs Bermuda grass
Bermuda grass grows best in warm seasons and is high in fiber but lower in protein and energy than orchard grass.
It’s a good option for horses that need less energy and more fiber, while orchard grass provides a more balanced diet.
Alfalfa Vs Orchard grass
Alfalfa is high in energy and protein, so it’s best for horses with higher nutritional needs. It has more energy and protein than orchard grass, but may not be right for less active horses.
Orchard grass is a good choice for managing calories and reducing the risk of metabolic problems.
Related read: Timothy Hay Vs Alfalfa for Horses.
Considerations When Feeding Orchard Grass
Here’s what to keep in mind for a healthy feeding plan:
Availability and cost
Orchard grass costs and availability vary based on the season and location. You must locate a dependable supplier with manageable transportation costs.
In any case, you may want to consider buying in bulk to reduce costs while ensuring high-quality hay. Remember to compare offers from several suppliers and plan well.
Quality matters
Orchard grass quality affects its palatability and nutrition. Choose grass free from contaminants like dust and mold.
Harvesting at optimal maturity provides maximum nutrients. Check for spoils and contaminants to ensure the feed is safe for horses.
Allergies
Some horses may develop allergies to orchard grass. Monitor for health issues when introducing it to the diet.
Common allergies include digestive problems, itching, and hives. For adverse reactions, consult a veterinarian.
Environmental factors
The nutritional value of orchard grass depends on the soil and weather where it’s grown, as well as how it’s handled.
Choose a supplier who uses environmentally friendly methods to ensure you receive high-quality grass.
Guidelines for Feeding Orchard Grass
Here are some helpful tips for feeding orchard grass to your horse:
Introducing Orchard grass
Gradually introduce orchard grass into the horses’ meal plan to avoid digestive issues. Start by mixing it with their current feed and increase the amount over 10 days.
Monitor stool quality and appetite before making a full transition.
Serving sizes
How much orchard grass to feed depends on your horse’s activity, age, and health. Aim for 1-2% of your body weight, divided into 2-3 meals per day.
Adjust the amount if you notice changes in your horse.
Balancing with other feeds
Balance orchard grass with other feeds to ensure your horse receives all the necessary nutrients. Adjust supplements and grain as needed. If you’re unsure, consult a horse nutritionist for guidance.
Practical tips
When feeding orchard grass, consider seasonal changes. Grass harvested in early spring or late summer often has higher nutrient density than over-mature hay cut in late fall.
Proper storage is also key. Keep bales in a dry, well-ventilated area, stacked off the ground to prevent mold growth.
Using slow feeders extends eating time and mimics natural grazing behavior, reducing the risk of boredom or overeating.
For horses in group turnout, ensure hay is spread across multiple feeding spots so all horses get access, not just the dominant ones.
Establish a well-planned feeding regimen to ensure your horse receives sufficient nutrients.
Monitor their health, body condition, and weight regularly.
Always provide fresh water and store orchard grass in a dry, well-ventilated place.Thoughtful management maximizes orchard grass’s value and helps keep horses healthy year-round.
Tips for Choosing High-Quality Orchard Grass
Choosing high-quality orchard grass helps your horse obtain the nutrients it needs. Here are some things to look for:
Look for freshness
Fresh orchard grass smells sweet and encourages horses to eat. Good hay shouldn’t have a musty odor, which can mean it’s spoiled.
Ask your supplier about the harvest date and how the grass was stored.
Inspect the texture
Quality orchardgrass hay is soft and pliable. It also has minimal coarse and young stems.
Rigid stems that are hard to break indicate the grass was harvested too late. Overly mature grass has a reduced nutritional value and is less palatable.
Check the color
High-quality orchard grass is bright green, indicating it was harvested at the optimal time. Avoid grass that looks gray, yellow, or brown, as this can mean it’s contaminated and not safe for your horse.
Inspect for mold and dust
Make sure orchard grass is free from dust and mold, since these can harm your horse. Stay away from grass that’s damp or smells musty, as this may indicate damage.
Check the maturity
The quality of orchard grass depends on when it’s harvested. Buy hay that was cut at the right stage for the best nutrition and taste. Ask your supplier about the harvest time.
Check for foreign material
Inspect the orchardgrass for weeds, trash, and other foreign materials. High-quality grass should be free from debris that poses a choking hazard.
Additionally, contaminants lower the hay’s quality, reducing its palatability.
Cutting
How the grass is cut affects its quality. The leafy parts are usually best for horses.
Your horse’s preferences might help you decide which cut to choose. Ask your supplier about their cutting methods to ensure they meet your needs.
Check the packaging
Packaging should keep orchard grass safe from damage and moisture. Avoid buying hay in bulk if it may become damaged during storage. Store your hay in a cool, dry place away from dust.
Ask the supplier
Check with your supplier about how the grass was grown, harvested, and stored. A good supplier will share details about nutrition, energy, and protein.
Inquire about their quality control procedures and any relevant certifications.
Testing the hay
In addition to checking with the supplier, test orchard grass for nutritional value, energy content, and protein score.
This helps you choose the right feed and identify quality concerns early, enabling you to take proper storage measures.
FAQs
What type of hay causes colic?
Most horse owners are aware of coastal bermudagrass hay. This type of hay can cause ileal impaction colic. Recent studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between the two. However, the cause-and-effect relationship isn’t definitive.
What is the best hay for horses prone to colic?
Orchard and alfalfa pasture bales are a great option for horses prone to colic. Horses can consistently forage on this hay without gaining rapid weight. But for underweight horses, coastal bermudagrass is your best bet for weight gain.
Is Orchard grass better than Alfalfa for horses?
There’s no single best choice. Both orchard grass and alfalfa earn their badges, so choose what fits your horse’s needs. Orchard grass is well-suited for horses that require less protein or have metabolic issues. Alfalfa is better for active horses that need more calories and protein.
Can Orchard grass hay cause colic?
Orchard grass can cause colic if your horse isn’t used to it, or if it’s moldy or dusty. To lower the risk, introduce new grass slowly and store it well. Keep an eye on your horse’s health and adjust feeding as needed.
What is the ideal cutting stage for Orchard grass hay?
The best time to cut orchard grass for hay is when it starts to head out or is at the boot stage. Cutting at this time gives you hay that’s both tasty and nutritious, with good energy and protein levels.
Is Orchard grass safe for senior horses?
Orchard grass has moderate energy and protein, so it’s a good choice for senior horses. It’s easier to digest and safer than high-sugar feeds. Consult with your veterinarian to develop the optimal feeding plan for your older horse.
Conclusion
Orchard grass is a flexible and nutritious feed for horses. It aids digestion, supports weight control, and provides steady energy.
Its moderate protein and high fiber make it a good choice for horses used for pleasure, maintenance, or light work.
The low sugar content is helpful for horses prone to colic or ulcers. Horses in heavy training or with special health needs may need extra dietary changes.
By choosing good-quality orchard grass, introducing it slowly, and balancing it with other feeds, you can make sure your horse gets the nutrition it needs. Orchard grass can be a reliable and affordable part of your horse’s diet.
